Fragmentation munitions have killed and injured over 1,200 civilians in Ukraine since the beginning of the Russian invasion, and the actual number of victims could be higher.

According to a report by the Fragmentation Weapons Observatory, since the beginning of the Russian invasion in February 2022, these munitions have caused the highest number of civilian casualties worldwide. The Russian army has used them extensively, and Ukraine has been accused of using them as well. In 2024, Ukraine recorded 193 out of the 314 global casualties. Fragmentation munitions pose a long-term threat, as many do not explode on impact. Neither Russia nor Ukraine are signatories to the convention that bans these weapons. The report also mentions the significant losses suffered by Russia in the conflict.