The blackout in Spain has highlighted the vulnerabilities of Europe's energy system to dependence on renewables, especially photovoltaics

On April 28, Spain and Portugal suffered a major blackout, affecting daily business. More than 70% of Spain's energy came from photovoltaic sources and fluctuations in the grid caused the system to collapse. Experts point out that over-reliance on solar power without stable alternatives, such as gas-fired power plants, can leave the grid vulnerable. Although the Spanish government has dismissed the idea that solar was the main cause, it has increased the use of gas-fired power plants to prevent future outages, which will increase costs for consumers.