Almost a quarter of Austria's population is born abroad, with Vienna as the main center of migration. Romania is among the top four sources of immigrants.

According to data published by the Austrian Integration Fund (ÖIF), as of January 1, 2025, 22.7% of Austria's population, or 2.085 million people, were born abroad, a slight increase compared to the previous year. Vienna is the main center of migration, with nearly 40% of immigrants living in the capital, where 40.9% of the population comes from outside the country. The largest groups of immigrants come from Germany, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Turkey, and Romania. Additionally, recent waves of migration from the Middle East and Ukraine have brought significant numbers of refugees to Austria.

On the other hand, the report also highlights a trend of emigration among Austrians, with 128,500 people leaving the country in 2024, leading to a negative migration balance. This dynamic indicates an increasing dependence on migration to maintain demographic balance. In Austrian schools, 26.4% of students have a first language different from German, highlighting the growing cultural diversity.