On January 1, 2025, the resident population of Romania reached 19.043 million people, a decrease of 24,400 compared to the previous year, with a negative natural increase and a pronounced demographic aging.

According to the National Institute of Statistics, the resident population of Romania reached 19.043 million people on January 1, 2025, registering a decrease of 24,400 people compared to 2024. The main cause of this decline is the negative natural increase, with 100,900 more deaths than births, although the balance of international migration was positive, with 71,300 immigrants. The phenomenon of demographic aging continues to intensify, reaching 131.3 elderly people (65 years and over) for every 100 young people under 15 years. The proportion of the elderly population increased from 20% to 20.3%, while the proportion of those aged 0-14 years decreased from 15.9% to 15.4%. Additionally, the demographic dependency ratio slightly decreased to 55.6 young and elderly people for every 100 adults. These data suggest a continuation of the aging trend and a demographic challenge for Romania.