Europeans want a more united Europe, but 74% say its leaders are not responding effectively to the continent’s challenges

Most Europeans want a strong, united Europe capable of acting independently, but the majority no longer believe that current leaders can turn this vision into reality, according to a study conducted by the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR). The research, based on 5,800 interviews conducted in France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland and the United Kingdom, shows that 68% of respondents perceive a general deterioration in the situation or a loss of normality. At the same time, 56% believe that Europe’s future is at risk, while only 12% view the current period as one of renewal. Dissatisfaction does not mean rejection of the European project. Some 73% of participants want a stronger European vision through deeper political integration, enhanced security and greater prosperity. Only 13% support reducing integration or dismantling the European Union. War, economic pressures and Europe’s dependence on the international stage are the main problems identified. However, 74% say that the Union is not responding effectively to these challenges. Slow decision-making and the inability to withstand pressure from powerful actors are fueling the perception of weakness.

The study identifies four categories: optimists, pessimists, disconnected people and the uncertain. Pessimists account for 39%, while the uncertain—attached to the European idea but doubtful about its effectiveness—account for 31%. ECFR warns that this latter group will be decisive for the Union’s future. Published ahead of Ursula von der Leyen’s annual State of the Union address, the report tells European leaders that citizens expect fewer promises and more concrete results in areas such as defense, energy, climate and the cost of living.